Kararraki masu yawa
A cikin ingantaccen crystallization gaba, a ƙarƙashin aikin babban zafin jiki da damuwa, lahani na lattice yana motsawa kuma yana haɗuwa don samar da iyaka na biyu, wanda yake cikin ƙananan filastik a yanayin zafi mai zafi, kuma ana haifar da raguwa a ƙarƙashin aikin damuwa. Tsage-tsalle masu yawa galibi suna faruwa ne a cikin walda na karafa masu tsafta ko austenitic alloys na lokaci-lokaci ko kuma a kusa da kabu, kuma suna cikin nau'in fashewar zafi.
Maimaita kararraki
Don karafa tare da tsarin walda mai kauri mai kauri da wasu abubuwa masu haɓaka hazo-ƙarfafa hazo, ɓarkewar da ke faruwa a cikin ɓangarorin ɓarke na yankin da zafin walda ya shafa a lokacin jiyya na zafi na damuwa ko sabis a wani yanayin zafi ana kiran su reheat fasa. Reheat fashe yawanci faruwa a cikin m-grained sassa na waldi zafi yankin da aka shafa na low-alloy high ƙarfi karfe, pearlitic zafi resistant karfe, austenitic bakin karfe da wasu nickel tushen gami.
Ciwon sanyi
Ƙanƙarar sanyi wani nau'in tsaga ne da ake samarwa a cikin walda, wanda ake yin sa lokacin da aka sanyaya zafin jiki zuwa ƙananan zafin jiki bayan walda. Cold fasa, yafi faruwa a cikin waldi zafi shafi yankin na low gami karfe, matsakaici gami karfe, matsakaici carbon da high carbon karfe. A cikin ɗaiɗaikun lokuta, kamar lokacin walda karafa masu ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ko wasu gami na titanium, fashe sanyi shima yana bayyana akan ƙarfen walda.
Dangane da nau'ikan karfe da sassa daban-daban na waldawa, akwai kuma nau'ikan fashe-fashe na sanyi daban-daban, waɗanda kusan za a iya raba su zuwa rukuni uku masu zuwa:
Crack mai jinkiri
Yana da nau'i na gama-gari na fashewar sanyi. Babban fasalinsa shi ne cewa ba ya bayyana nan da nan bayan waldi, amma yana da lokacin shiryawa gabaɗaya, kuma shi ne fashewa tare da halayen jinkiri da aka haifar a ƙarƙashin aikin haɗin gwiwa na tsarin taurare, hydrogen da damuwa.
Quenching Cracks
Irin wannan tsaga ba a jinkiri ba, ana samun shi nan da nan bayan walda, wani lokacin yana faruwa a cikin walda, wani lokacin yana faruwa a yankin da zafi ya shafa. Yafi akwai tsarin taurare, fasa da aka haifar a ƙarƙashin aikin danniya na walda.
Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Filastik
Ga wasu kayan da ke da ƙarancin filastik, lokacin sanyi zuwa ƙananan zafin jiki, nau'in da ƙarfin raguwar ke haifarwa ya zarce ajiyar filastik na kayan da kansa ko tsagewar da abun ya haifar ya zama mara ƙarfi. Domin ana samar da shi a ƙananan zafin jiki, shi ma wani nau'i ne na fashewar sanyi, amma babu wani jinkirin jinkiri.
Laminar Tearing
A cikin tsarin masana'antu na manyan dandamalin samar da mai da tasoshin matsa lamba mai kauri, matakan tsagewa a layi daya da jagorar mirgina wani lokaci suna faruwa, abin da ake kira tsagewar laminar.
Yawanci saboda kasancewar haɗaɗɗen haɗaɗɗiya (tare da jagorar birgima) a cikin farantin karfe, damuwa da aka haifar yayin waldawa yana daidai da yanayin jujjuyawar, wanda ya haifar da siffa mai “taka” a cikin yankin da zafi ya shafa nesa da wuta. tsage.
Damuwa Lalata Fashewa
Jinkirin tsagewar wasu sifofin walda (kamar tasoshin ruwa da bututu) a ƙarƙashin haɗin aikin kafofin watsa labarai masu lalata da damuwa. Abubuwan da ke shafar lalata lalata sun haɗa da kayan tsarin, nau'in matsakaici mai lalacewa, siffar tsarin, tsarin masana'antu da waldawa, kayan walda, da kuma matakin taimako na danniya. Lalacewar damuwa yana faruwa yayin hidima.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-24-2022