Akwai nau'ikan titanium iri biyu a cikin ƙasa, ɗayan rutile ne ɗayan kuma ilmenite. Rutile asali ma'adinai ne mai tsafta mai dauke da fiye da 90% titanium dioxide, kuma abun ciki na baƙin ƙarfe da carbon a ilmenite shine ainihin rabin da rabi.
A halin yanzu, hanyar masana'antu don shirya titanium shine maye gurbin oxygen atoms a cikin titanium dioxide da iskar chlorine don yin titanium chloride, sannan a yi amfani da magnesium a matsayin wakili mai rage titanium. Titanium da aka samar ta wannan hanya yana kama da soso, wanda ake kira soso titanium.
Titanium soso ne kawai za a iya sanya shi cikin titanium ingots da kuma farantin titanium don amfanin masana'antu bayan matakai biyu na narkewa. Saboda haka, duk da cewa abin da ke cikin titanium ya kai matsayi na tara a duniya, sarrafawa da tacewa suna da rikitarwa sosai, don haka farashinsa yana da yawa.
A halin yanzu, kasar da ta fi yawan albarkatun titanium a duniya ita ce Australia, sai kasar Sin. Bugu da kari, Rasha, Indiya da Amurka suma suna da albarkatun titanium. Amma ma'adinin titanium na kasar Sin ba ya da daraja, don haka har yanzu yana bukatar a shigo da shi da yawa.
Titanium masana'antu, daukakar Tarayyar Soviet
A cikin 1954, Majalisar Ministocin Tarayyar Soviet ta yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar masana'antar titanium, kuma a cikin 1955, an gina masana'anta na VSMPO na magnesium-titanium ton dubu. A cikin 1957, VSMPO ya haɗu tare da masana'antar kayan aikin jirgin sama na AVISMA kuma ya kafa ƙungiyar masana'antar VSMPO-AVISMA titanium, wanda shine sanannen Avi Sima Titanium. Masana'antar titanium na tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet ta kasance a kan gaba a duniya tun lokacin da aka kafa ta, kuma Rasha ta gaji gaba daya har zuwa yanzu.
Avisma Titanium a halin yanzu shine mafi girma a duniya, cikakken tsarin masana'antu titanium gami da sarrafa jiki. Haɗaɗɗen sana'a ce daga narkar da albarkatun ƙasa zuwa kayan aikin titanium da aka gama, da kuma kera manyan sassan titanium. Titanium ya fi karfe wuya, amma yanayin zafinsa shine kawai 1/4 na karfe da 1/16 na aluminum. A cikin aiwatar da yankewa, zafi ba shi da sauƙi don watsawa, kuma yana da matukar damuwa ga kayan aiki da kayan aiki. Yawancin lokaci, titanium gami ana yin su ta hanyar ƙara wasu abubuwan ganowa zuwa titanium don biyan buƙatu daban-daban.
Dangane da sifofin titanium, tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet ta yi nau'ikan alluran titanium iri uku don dalilai daban-daban. Daya na sarrafa faranti, daya na sarrafa sassan, daya kuma na sarrafa bututu. Dangane da amfani daban-daban, ana rarraba kayan titanium na Rasha zuwa 490MPa, 580MPa, 680MPa, 780MPa ƙarfin maki. A halin yanzu, kashi 40% na sassan titanium na Boeing da fiye da kashi 60% na kayan titanium na Airbus ana kawo su daga Rasha.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-24-2022