Hakazalika da graphene, MXenes wani nau'in carbide na ƙarfe ne mai nau'i biyu wanda ya ƙunshi yadudduka na titanium, aluminum, da carbon atom, kowannensu yana da nasa tsayayyen tsari kuma yana iya motsawa tsakanin yadudduka cikin sauƙi. A cikin Maris 2021, Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta Jihar Missouri da Laboratory National Argonne sun gudanar da bincike kan kayan MXenes kuma sun gano cewa rigakafin sawa da kayan shafa na wannan kayan a cikin matsanancin yanayi sun fi na gargajiya na tushen mai, kuma ana iya amfani da su azaman ""Super Lubricant" don rage lalacewa a kan bincike na gaba kamar Juriya.
Masu binciken sun kwaikwayi yanayin sararin samaniya, kuma gwaje-gwajen juzu'i na kayan sun gano cewa ƙarancin juzu'i na ƙirar MXene tsakanin ƙwallon ƙarfe da faifan silica mai rufi da aka kafa a cikin "jihar da ta fi ƙarfin" ta kasance ƙasa da 0.0067 ƙasa da 0.0017. An sami sakamako mafi kyau lokacin da aka ƙara graphene zuwa MXene. Ƙarin graphene na iya ƙara rage juzu'i da 37.3% kuma rage lalacewa ta hanyar 2 ba tare da rinjayar kaddarorin MXene na superlubrication ba. Kayan MXenes sun dace da yanayin zafi mai zafi, suna buɗe sababbin kofofin don amfani da man shafawa a gaba a cikin matsanancin yanayi.
An sanar da ci gaban ci gaban guntu na 2nm na farko a Amurka
Kalubale mai gudana a cikin masana'antar semiconductor shine samar da ƙarami, sauri, ƙarfi da ƙarin ƙarfin kuzari. Yawancin kwakwalwan kwamfuta da ke amfani da na'urori a yau suna amfani da fasahar sarrafawa na 10- ko 7-nanometer, tare da wasu masana'antun suna samar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na 5-nanometer.
A cikin Mayu 2021, Kamfanin IBM na Amurka ya sanar da ci gaban ci gaban guntu na 2nm na farko a duniya. Chip transistor yana ɗaukar ƙofa nanometer mai Layer uku a kusa da ƙirar (GAA), ta amfani da mafi ƙarancin fasahar lithography na ultraviolet don ayyana mafi ƙarancin girman, tsayin ƙofar transistor shine nanometer 12, yawan haɗin kai zai kai miliyan 333 a kowace murabba'in millimeters. kuma ana iya haɗa biliyan 50.
An haɗa transistor a cikin yanki mai girman ƙusa. Idan aka kwatanta da guntu na 7nm, guntuwar 2nm ana sa ran zai inganta aiki da kashi 45%, zai rage yawan kuzari da kashi 75%, kuma zai iya tsawaita rayuwar batir na wayoyin hannu da sau hudu, kuma ana iya amfani da wayar hannu akai-akai har tsawon kwanaki hudu. tare da caji ɗaya kawai.
Bugu da kari, sabon guntu tsarin kuma zai iya inganta aikin kwamfutocin littafin rubutu, gami da inganta karfin sarrafa aikace-aikacen kwamfutocin littafin da saurin shiga Intanet. A cikin motoci masu tuƙi, kwakwalwan kwamfuta na 2nm na iya haɓaka ƙarfin gano abu da rage lokutan amsawa, wanda zai haɓaka haɓakar filin semiconductor da ci gaba da almara na Dokar Moore. IBM yana shirin samar da manyan kwakwalwan kwamfuta na 2nm a cikin 2027.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-01-2022